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River

PAMIR

The remote and isolated Pamir Mountains in the southern Central Asia are a paradise for adventurous mountain climbers, hosting some of the highest mountain peaks in the world, many of them higher than 7,000 meters. Apart from spectacular mountain views, the scenic Pamir Mountain region of Tajikistan also offers great although challenging trekking, an enchanting diversity of local cultures, and a couple of lovely mountain resorts with hot springs.


Pamir Mountains are located mainly in Tajikistan, but small parts of the area stretch to Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan and China. The bulk of the Pamir Mountain Range lies within Southeastern Tajikistan in the autonomous province of Gorno-Badakhshan.

 This remote and undeveloped mountain region that was once crossed by the famous Silk Road and later become a part of the Soviet Union is home to a large number of small ethnic groups with their own languages. It is a poor region where sheep herding is the main source of income and foreign visitors are rarely seen.     


       Sights and activities in Pamir Mountains: mountaineering, trekking & hot springs. Largely hidden from tourism and development, Pamir Mountains host some of the most spectacular mountain views in the world. The high peaks of Ismoil Somoni and Ibn Sila reach into height of over 7,000 meters / 23,000 feet above sea level. There are also many beautiful valleys and glaciers in the region, making mountaineering in Pamir Mountains a dream come true for any adventurous climber. Trekking in Pamir Mountains is equally stunning but quite challenging. The mountain resorts of Julandee and Garm Chasma offer relaxing hot springs and high altitude climate to accommodate yourself in before attempting to climb one of the higher peaks of the Pamirs. The main towns in Pamir region of Tajikistan, Khorog and Murghob offer some basic facilities for visitors. Khorog has a botanical garden and Murghab has a bazaar to visit. Pamir Mountains region also has several high altitude lakes, including Lake Kara-Kul, and beautiful valleys such as the Vanj, Gunt, and Roshtkala Valleys.


        Exciting activities. Besides mountain climbing and hiking, you can also try rafting in the many rivers in the Pamir region, hunting for the local Marco Polo sheep, or even skiing. However, few organized activities and tours exist in the Pamir region so far, so you might need to organize your activities yourself.  Pamir Mountains travel information and practical tips. Pamir Mountains have a harsh continental climate with warm and dry summers and cold and snowy winters. The high mountain peaks are covered in snow throughout the year. The Pamir summers are dry and short while the winters are long. There is large variation in temperatures according to altitude, and the higher mountain areas in Pamir have more extreme weather conditions than the lower valleys.


      Traveling to Pamir Mountains requires some planning. The nearest international airport is in Dushanbe, while the largest town in the Gorno-Badakhshan province, Khorog has a domestic airport with flights to Pamir region from Dushanbe. Road transportation to the area via the Pamir Highway is available from Dushanbe by local group taxis called marshrutka, but it is a long way to take. Marshrutkas are the main way to travel within the Pamir region as well. Car rental in Khorog is also available with a local driver. Note that during winter and spring, road transport in the area gets very difficult.

Khorog.  Khorog was founded on the place of two small villages, which existed before the revolution. Since 1925 Khorog is the capital of the Gorno-Badakhshan autonomous oblast (GBAO). The city is located at the bottom of a deep gorge at the altitude of 2000 m above sea level, on the place of confluence of the rivers Pyanj, Gund and Shohdara, straight by the border with Afghanistan; the Pamirs motorway passes through the centre of the town. Due to its position in the deep canyon, the town is protected from strong winds and sharp temperature drops in winter times. Summer in Khorog is relatively warm and dry.  Located in a wonderful place, Khorog is the regional centre of control, trade, transport and education. This small town is proud by its educational institutions among which is the one of the branches of the University of Central Asia, Khorog State University and the Aga Khan Lyceum. 


Khorog – is a beautiful town with tall poplars and colourful Pamiri traditional houses on the outskirts. Nearby Khorog, on a hill there is the Pamirs botanical garden. This is the highest botanical garden at the territory of the former USSR. It also occupies second place in the world by its height above the sea level, on the first place is the botanical garden in Nepal. A collection of plants, trees and shrubs from all over the world can be seen here. Most of the main transportation communications to GBAO including the Pamirs highway pass through Khorog. An earth road passes through Vakhan and Alichur. Another road goes to east through the Shahdara valley to the peaks of Karl Marx and Engels. The population of the city s 30000 people (the Pamiri ethnical groups).  We invite you to a small, but cozy and an under development town, where people are known for their hospitality, preservation of their ancient culture and traditions; where music, poetical contemplation of the world and wise philosophical attitude to life dominate in the mentality and everyday life of a Pamiri man.

 

Sarez lake.  The lake is 55.8 km, the altitude of the lake 3263m, the maximum width of the lake 3.3 km, the maximum depth of the lake 500 m, the maximum amount of water in the lake is 16.074 km3, the incoming part of the balance 47.1 m3 / s = 1487 million m3 , expenses balance 47.7 m3 / s = 1505 million m3, maximum seasonal fluctuation "6 (18), in 1911goda 23ch.15 min.  Khorog felt a strong push.  In Sarez all jumped out of the tents, shouting and crying.  Two tents were filled up, four cracked.  From the west came the wild roar.  He mingled with the howling of falling avalanches.  Moon over Mardzhanaem beginning to fade.  In the morning it was all in the dust hanging in the air, and the ground continued to shake.  When the boys came up to where he was Usoy, village they saw.  Instead, the towering mountain of boulders. "  Describes eyewitness OE  Agahanyants (1989) So begins the story of Lake Sarez, which was formed by the collapse of a huge block of rock from the right side of the valley of the river Murghab after the earthquake.
      Earthquake swept a vast area of the Pamirs and northern Afghanistan.  Earthquake parameters are:
 • Time: 18 hours 41 minutes 14 seconds;
 • epicenter coordinates: latitude 38.2? Latitude, longitude 72.8?;
 • magnitude: M = 7.4 on the Richter scale;
 • intensity of tremors on the surface in the epicentral area of 9-10 ballov scale EMS - EMS - 98;
 • 70-75 km depth of the epicenter.

 

Yashikul lake. Lake formed by the dam, which blocked the river Alichur. The length of the dam of 4 km, the power of 100-110 meters. Water flows over the southern edge of the dam, and from here begins the Gunt River, which flows through the 200 km in the river Panj. On the obstruction is an old trail, next to which was discovered by geologists granite boulder with inscriptions in Arabic that tell us who in the old days paved the way here. At the mouth of the swampy terrain Alichur, many sedges.  It is the smallest, the eastern part Jashilkul. Bright green spot is allocated the river flows into the lake.  Near the mouth of Alichur is hot sulfuric water springs Issyk-Bulak. The water in it has four griffins along the foot of the granite massif, and reaches a temperature of 71 degrees Celsius. Source is surrounded by crumbling adobe buildings (possibly shrines or mausoleums), people here consider him a "saint."  Small clay building has a pool to collect water from a hot spring.

 

Bulunkul lake.  Lake Bulunkul much smaller than Jashilkul and connected with it a narrow channel.  Water in Bulunkul pres-tion, many aquatic plants can often see ducks, geese, floating on surface of the lake, and seagulls scurrying over it.  It is noteworthy that for the first time on this lake in the Pamir was organized fishing.  Between May and September-October, anglers snare at the neck flowing into the lake and rivers caught osman and Marina.


      Lake area Bulunkul known and that in winter the lowest temperature recorded in Central Asia - minus 63 degrees Celsius.The best time to visit the lake - July to September.  You can stay overnight in the village Bulunkul located near the eponymous lake, where there is a guest house.

 

Garm - Chashma. The deposits form a slime balls and lime incrustations - travertine hill, at the end of which there are a number of natural bowls - pools of different sizes, with a water mirror of 0.5 to 20 square meters.  m and a depth of half a meter.  They are filled with hot water turquoise, which includes iron, aluminum, magnesium, strontium, fluorine, and other elements.  The water also contains large amounts of hydrogen sulfide (170 mg per liter), silicic acid (135 mg per liter) and carbon dioxide (381 mg per liter).  Water temperature at the surface of griffins about plus 62 degrees Celsius.  Water temperature in the "pool" ranges from plus 38 to plus 50 degrees Celsius, depending on the proximity of the source.  The outer walls of the reservoir produces charming impression, thanks to him glued to white stalactites, painted in a variety of colors covering their colorful algae.  The bottom of the largest "pool" of the deferred thin, soft sediment of calcium carbonate mixed with sulfur. ​In this area there are carbonated mineral springs with a constant temperature of 14 degrees Celsius, the water of which the local population is used as a dining room. Valuable factor in the location of the resort is also the source of its favorable climate, which in combination with balneotherapy gives good results in curing some diseases of the cardiovascular and nervous system, musculoskeletal system, as well as skin and gynecological diseases. In 1957, the exit site of mineral water baths was built Garm-Chashma, which has been regularly rebuilt and reconstructed.

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